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2018年2月26日 - The idol boom and its end

Posted by keaine, 26 February 2018 · 726 views

So, now that I've described how my spreadsheet works, I'll use it. First, I'm just going to state the obvious: the idol market has boomed from approximately 2012 to 2016, and for a year or two now, the market has first stabilised and then decreased a bit.

Let's get to the start of it, what was the idol boom was in fact first an AKS boom, I think the 2012 yearly figures tell it well:

AKS 2,695,736 81.73%
Up-Front 171,609 5.20%
Stardust 123,138 3.73%
Avex 73,729 2.24%
LesPros 15,225 0.46%
Others* 219,047 6.64%

*this category is the category of productions that only manage one group, or more precisely, only one group appearing in the ranking

In 2013, the idol boom is clear: in the 2013 ranking, 33 groups are up from 2012 and only 8 are down, plus 31 groups enter the ranking and only 5 are out. That's the moment when the momentum begins to shift a bit from AKS and goes to the other productions, as the figures show:

AKS 3,155,225 75.93%
Up-Front 266,084 6.40%
Stardust 151,320 3.64%
Avex 134,374 3.23%
Other Productions** 119,770 2.88%
Others* 328,531 7.91%

**this category is the category of the other productions that manage multiple groups (but yeah, there are a whole lot, so not necessary to write them all)

Please note that the AKS growth comes in part from the creation of a then new group: HKT48 (and also from the rise of Nogizaka46).

2014 sees no new AKS group, and so the growth of Nogizaka isn't enough to balance the decreases of AKB and SKE, whereas the other groups continue to grow:

AKS 3,074,909 67.64%
Up-Front 329,742 7.25%
Stardust 173,058 3.81%
Avex 81,393 1.79%
Other Productions 237,221 5.22%
Others 649,965 14.30%

That huge "Others" figure has two factors: one being really the idol boom and the other being Kamen Joshi who released a huge single selling something like 130,000 copies. However, even without them, the Others figure would still be well above 10% (probably at 12%).

In 2015, even if the productions' figures don't tell it well, I begin noticing some signs that the idol boom is fading: only 51 groups are up from 2014 and 29 are down, 46 groups enter the ranking and 23 are out, that's more decreases and exits (in proportion) than any other year before it. That said, the increases are more modest from 2014:

AKS 3,284,873 67.67%
Up-Front 384,226 7.91%
Stardust 191,512 3.94%
Avex 90,446 1.86%
Other Productions 271,012 5.58%
Others 632,491 13.03%

The decrease in the "Others" figure is solely the fact that Kamen Joshi didn't release any single that year. Excluding them, the "Others" are still growing.

2016 is the year the idol boom officially ends: 39 groups are up from 2015 and 45 groups are down, 56 groups enter the ranking and 41 groups are out. Productions suffer a bit but AKS manages to still grow thanks to another new group: Keyakizaka46.

AKS 3,584,524 70.49%
Up-Front 366,305 7.20%
Stardust 165,782 3.26%
Avex 80,121 1.58%
Other Productions 268,778 5.29%
Others 619,657 12,19%

2017 is the confirmation of this, and thanks to the Sakamichi branch, AKS gets the momentum back:

AKS 4,021,467* 76.39%
Up-Front 354,031 6.72%
Stardust 177,222 3.37%
Other Productions (including Avex) 177,851 3.38%
Others 534,008 10.14%

Disclaimer: recall that at the end of 2016, there's been a change in Oricon counting which disadvantaged smaller groups (well, in fact, any non-AKS group), and that we must take the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 drops with caution. That said, I definitely think that even without these changes, the figures would be down anyway, albeit not as much as here.

Just to stress the importance of Sakamichi over time, I'm displaying the percentages of 48groups vs Sakamichi in the AKS total through years:
% 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
48 91.29% 86.87% 82.00% 79.65% 63.20% 55.09%*
46 8.71% 13.13% 18.00% 20.35% 36.80% 44.91%*


*As some singles sold in 2017 are still selling today, these figures will evolve until the singles get out of the top 50.
If there's something to be added, I'll add it but for the time being, that will be all.




Everything here is pretty expected, but i'm surprised to see how dependent AKS has become on the sakamichi groups.. If they don't do something fast sakamichi, with only two groups, will make more than 48's 6 groups combined... that's kinda shameful whelp. Also interesting to note that despite the increase in Up front groups, their sales haven't really changed much over the years.. the lack of singles in comparison to 2012 is probably the reason for it.. Thanks for an interesting analysis!

Yeah, as I said, everything is pretty expected, but it shows that what was an impression does reflect on singles sales. I think the fact that AKS is more focusing on Sakamichi and kind of dropping 48 groups (including AKB I'd say) is deliberate. My opinion is that the strategy of AKS is to keep momentum as long as possible by creating new groups. The problem is, the 48 groups concept kind of grew old, so that even the latest additions don't end up selling that well, e.g. STU48 (new thus understandable) and NGT48 (less new thus less understandable) are at striking distance of the first non-AKS group (which is unsurprisingly Morning Musume). They tried to do some things with the 48 groups, but now they think that focusing on the Sakamichi series is easier (again, that's only my hypothesis). They have the momentum right now. Like, the fact that the latest promotional gimmick (the Yoshimotozaka thing) is promoted as part of the Sakamichi series and not the 48 groups tells everything. When the momentum will fade, they'll either return to 48 groups or create a new branch, that's my opinion.

 

Plus, the number of singles you release in one year doesn't matter here, since the yearly figure is the average of all singles released that year (see the first post for a more detailed explanation). In fact, Up-Front's total has indeed increased (a more than 100% increase in singles) but back then, everyone was increasing the singles sold, so that in comparison to other idol groups, Up-Front has increased their market share, but that's not an exponential increase.

Do you have any data from before 2012? Would be interesting to see the numbers from, say, "Heavy Rotation" forward to see the rise as well. Would it be fair to say that Hello Project was caught in the updraft due to AKB's boom during this time?

 

Your last chart also shows how much AKS is now depending on sister groups and sakamichi to keep AKB's million weekly sales streak going. It really seems that it has become more important to try to put out as many gimmicks as possible (including adding a Sakamichi song to the AKB single) to get the one million than anything else.

 

Also, no wonder that UF has been cutting back on singles per year and also trying other release methods recently while other groups in other agencies have been ending... it really seems that there are lean times ahead in the idol world, like during MM's Platinum era.

Sadly, no. Retracing sales figures from previous years is much harder than keeping track of the Oricon ranking, that's one reason. The other reason is that there isn't much to compare with: there were only 47 groups in the 2012 ranking and only 21 above 10,000 single copies on average.

 

If you could give me a link to all weekly Oricon rankings (and the figures, of course!) of years before 2012, I'll do my best to add them in the spreadsheet and I'll probably post something about it.

 

I don't think we'll see times as dark for idols as we've seen in the mid-2000, as the now three main productions are still there (AKS, Up-Front and Stardust), but for the smaller productions and the smaller groups in general, yeah, I think things will get a bit harder in the years to come.

Using Oricon ever since their rule change for groups seems highly problematic statistic wise. While you mention the drop might be not as big as Oricon indicates for H!P the numbers should have actually done a huge jump.


Billboard did increase the number of stores they get sale records from. Still looking at the album sales where Oricon rules don't change the numbers drastically since the stable purchases aren't relevant Oricon sales are higher than Billboard ones. This indicates that Orican still counts more stores than Billboard and that without the rule changes single sales nowadays on Oricon would be at least as high as Billboard sales. Thus the sales numbers have actually gone up a lot for H!P.

The two rankings don't have the same goal (counting the number of singles sold vs counting the "popularity", in a sense, of a musical act), also, they don't count the singles the same way, they're not using the same stores etc. So yeah, I know, the change in the rules of Oricon adds a huge grain of salt in my analysis, but changing rankings would be worse I think.

 

One of the reasons why I'm so confident the numbers would decrease anyway is that numbers are still decreasing a bit, even after September 2016. I'm talking globally and am not focusing on particular productions, which I'm doing on the following blog posts.

^ Really? Aren't you mixing up the "Billboard top Single sales" charts and the "Billboard Top100" one?

nope

^ while wikipedia is not a reliable source https://en.m.wikiped...Billboard_Japan The sales chart is sales only? Tho it still begs the question if digital sales are included.